The Beguines Newsletter informs you about beguinages and beguines, both traditional and modern. It is written by Silvana Panciera and revised by Bernard Van Meenen (French language) and Graham Keen (English language). It lives thanks to the news you send us. Please collaborate by sending your information to info@beguines.info
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Please, read below the recent News with, between brackets, the date of their sending :
Breda Begijnhof’s news (January 2025)
The international symposium organized in 2017 for the 750th anniversary of the Breda beguinage – https://begijnhofbreda.nl – has allowed me to stay in touch with this magnificent historical beguinal experience since then. In Breda, as in Amsterdam, the only two remaining beguinages in the Netherlands, only women live there. In the beguinage of Breda there are 29 modest dwellings, a house of the head mistress, a meadow today used for the cultivation of medicinal plants, two churches and a museum.
For some years, a major renovation of the museum complex dedicated to the heritage and culture of the beguines and their world, both in the Netherlands and elsewhere, has been underway. On the first floor of the new museum, an exhibition will describe the special bond between the beguinage of Breda and the Orange-Nassau family. On the ground floor a series of religious objects will be exhibited in the prototype of a “beguine house”. As the completion of the work is scheduled for 2025, the new premises should be inaugurated soon.All these and many other impeccable initiatives carried out in the beguinage (concerts, exhibitions, liturgical celebrations, participation in the Monument Open Day) have proven Ed.C.M. Wagemakers to be the ideal leader who with passion and dedication has carefully promoted and guided them together with the manager of the beguinage, Martin Rasenberg, and the collaboration of the residents.
With great pleasure we learn that on 26th September 2024 E.C.M. Wagemakers was awarded the high papal distinction of Knight of the Order of the Holy Pope Sylvester by the Bishop of Breda, Mgr. J.W.M. Liesen.“Mr Wagemakers received this award primarily because of his great involvement in the beguinage of Breda, one of the oldest legal entities in the Netherlands of which he was a board member between 1997 and 2024 and chairman in the period 2003-2024 and, among other things, led the creation of a series of books on the begijnhof (beguinage), the digitization of archives, the grand celebration of the 750th anniversary in 2017 and the realisation of the new beguinage museum”
Heartfelt congratulations to the charming President and “always moving forward”.
JULIAN of NORWICH, a new translation (December 2024)
During 7 days of illness in May 1373 at the age of just over 30, Julian of Norwich received 16 revelations on the Passion of Christ and the Trinity. She then took 20 years to transcribe them. A first “short” draft was followed by a “long” one, that is to say, the one that has been handed down to us today and that Marco Bosio has translated with the title “Rivelazioni dell’Amore” (Revelations of Love). Thanks to this current precious edition, we have the possibility of having “in the Appendix the Middle English version of Serenus de Cressy from 1670 which takes up the original written by Julian herself which has been lost”, as we read in the initial note by the Editor, Pasquale Chiaro.
In her cell of a few square meters adjacent to the church of Saint Julian in the town of Norwich, which at the time was second only to London in the number of inhabitants, Julian lived the life of an anchorite. Marco Bosio describes in the introduction some peculiar aspects of her biography, among which, before the choice of becoming a recluse, her possible permanence in the Benedictine order, perhaps through the Benedictine abbey of Carrow, on which the church of Saint Julian depended. Marco Bosio also alludes to her possible Jewish origins, following in this the hypothesis proposed by the scholar Julia Bolton Holloway.
Before highlighting what I believe to be the main qualities of this translation and not being able to summarize here the contents of her 16 visions, I invite you to briefly retrace Julian’s life and work in the file dedicated to her on https://beguines.info/?page_id=2339&lang=en
Marco Bosio’s translation has undeniable qualities of clarity and a search for conformity to the initial text, to the point of resuming the English punctuation that differs from the Italian one and maintaining a deliberately “colloquial” style, just like in Julian’s original expository style. Furthermore, for each term that could be translated in different ways, Marco Bosio inserts a note in which he explains the reason for choosing that term among the various possible synonyms. His deep spiritual friendship with Julian is perceived perhaps also because of their inclusion in the Benedictine order of which Marco Bosio is an oblate and in which order Julian had a hypothetical stay. “If I look at Julian, Marco Bosio writes to me, I perceive a woman who has exceeded her limits: starting from the typical piety for Christ and his suffering, from the imitation of these same, Julian finds herself in something absolutely unexpected, which she then communicates in a direct, immediate and spontaneous way, but it also seems to me in a very personal, individual way.
However, no mention is made of Julian’s possible closeness to the Beguinal movement which seems plausible to me.
From a literary point of view, the book of Revelations is the oldest text written in English by a woman. And from the point of view of female mystical literature, it is one of the very few texts of the era in which one’s mystical experiences were written directly by the woman who lived them.
During Covid the mantra “in the end all shall be well” took hold, perhaps ignoring that this expression “all shall be well” is one of the cornerstones of Julian’s theology, a certainty that regularly echoes in her work together with the eternal protection that is guaranteed to us by Christ, our Mother. But Marco Bosio broadens the meaning of this “all shall be well” bringing it back to the idea of a universal order for which one could more appropriately say “in the end everything will be in its right place“.
To obtain the book Juliana di Norwich, Rivelazioni dell’amore, introduzione e traduzione di Marco Bosio, Edizione Appunti di viaggio, Roma 2024, you can contact the Publisher: laparola@appuntidiviaggio.it – 00 39 06 47825030 or purchase it directly from one of the better known e-commerce bookstores.
A beautiful gift of optimism to close this tormented 2024 and open 2025 with increased faith.
This is also my most sincere wish for you.
Agnes Blannbekin’s life and visions (2024 November)
“The transcript of the experience of the beguine Agnes Blannbekin comes to broaden the knowledge of that vast and fascinating world of the beguines”. This is what Luciano Bertazzo writes in the introduction to the text “Un mistico vedere. Vita et Revelationes della beghina viennese Agnes Blannbekin (+1315)” (A mystical seeing. Vita et Revelationes della beghina viennese Agnes Blannbekin (+1315). The same author has made the Italian translation of the thoughts that the beguine Agnes described to an unidentified “scriptor” Ermenricus, a Franciscan from the Viennese convent of Santa Croce. Transcriber or perhaps also her confessor? The question remains open. Thanks to this transcription we have 235 passages in which the visions, notes and more generally the mystical experiences of the beguine Agnes are reported in simple Latin, even if she described them in the German vernacular during the period from 1281 to 1294.
Born to a peasant family from Plumbachek between 1240 and 1250, Agnes moved to Vienna to be able to receive the Eucharist more often. In passage 39 of the transcriptions we read: “She was 11 years old when she began to burn with a great devotion for the body of the Lord… She wanted to become a beguine as quickly as possible in order to be able to receive communion more often” (p.31). In Vienna she lived together with another beguine, but she enjoyed her own logistical autonomy. She also had an oratory where she prayed the office when she could not do it together with the Franciscan friars. In fact, she was very close to the Franciscan world, so much so that it is thought that she was also a member of the Third order.
Focused on the Eucharist, Agnes used to spend many hours of her day attending successively the Eucharistic celebrations in three different churches in Vienna. Thanks to her figure and the transcript of her “notes” we are assured of a Beguinal presence also in Vienna.
Errata corrige August 2024 : Click here to read the introduction made by Tanya Stabler Miller for the English translation of Aline Kiner’s “La nuit des béguines”
The CIPO is born (October 2024)
The CIPO – Oignies Proto-beguines Interpretation Centre – was officially inaugurated on 23 August 2024 and Graham Keen did not miss the opportunity. Thanks to him and his contacts we have reports and photos.
The development of the CIPO took time. It began in 2017 with a proposal by Rita Fenendael addressed to the parishioners of Oignies and to those who were willing to commit themselves to assembling the artistic and religious heritage of the Priory of Oignies. Over time, the project has involved many partners, including institutional ones, mentioned in the leaflet. Each of them has brought its precious contribution, in terms of renovating the church, presenting the artistic heritage, and providing information on the proto-beguinal movementthat started right here. This is precisely the mission of the CIPO which currently consists of about ten volunteers. In the first part of the central nave of the renovated church, an information space has been set up, which includes about forty panels, several videos and other paper material. The fame of this place is due to the fact that the first historically proven beguine came here to live as a recluse for the last 6 years of her short life (1177-1213): Marie, who was later known as Marie d’Oignies, although she was born in Nivelles. Click here to get to know her. Her spiritual legacy illuminates the first phase of the life of the beguinal movement and its vibrant protagonists. A very moving aspect of this story is the earthly epilogue of the deep spiritual friendship that united Marie to Jacques de Vitry, her hagiographer and great defender of the beguinal movement: their remains are reunited in the church and kept for eternity there.
CIPO is open every day from 10 am to 5 pm and can be contacted at this number 00 32 69 452 654 or at this email contact@cipo.be
To follow the project see the Facebook page CIPO Oignieshttps://www.facebook.com/profile.php?id=100082142693055&locale=fr_FR
Our warmest congratulations with the fervent wish that it touches many people and gives birth to lively projects.
Happy birthday to Saint Amand beguinage (September 2024)
It is celebrating its 150th anniversary, but it is nevertheless the youngest of the historic beguinages. Its history is turbulent. The beguinage of Mont Saint-Amand replaces that of Saint Elisabeth, founded in 1234. In 1872, the decision of the City Council forced the beguinage to evacuate the premises. Thus, on 29th September 1874, the last 300 beguines, accompanied by a large crowd, made a procession with a hundred carriages of ladies of high society and their assistants to the new residence in Mont Saint-Amand. Count Engelbert d’Arenberg had purchased a large plot of land of 8 hectares outside the city of Ghent, in Sint-Amandsberg, to build a new beguinage : 80 houses, 14 convents (community houses), an infirmary with a chapel, a large house for the head mistress and a church. The first stone of the new beguinage was laid in May 1873, that of the church on 29th September 1873 and exactly one year later, 600 beguines and 100 other women (mothers, sisters, nieces and servants) settled inin this large residence, surrounded by a 1,070 meter wall with 2 entrance gates, and with 8 streets and various grass squress. From 1930 the number of beguines began to decline sharply: 75 in 1965, 45 in 1972 and no more than 10 in 1987. There are Nnone anymore today. But the beguinage retained a “non-profit” purpose. Associations wishing to establish themselves in convents must have a social and cultural goal. Happy birthday to our ever-alive beguinage.
For the programme for the day of 29th September and related activities:
https://grootbegijnhof.wixsite.com/home/activiteiten
For a possible guided visit: Cecile Vanooteghem <cecile.vanooteghem@gmail.com> or Graham Keen<grahamfranciskeen@gmail.com>
To immerse yourself in the atmosphere: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v73rVerd2xY the beautiful video produced by Catherine Boone, with music from Youtube creator list.
On the occasion of the European Heritage Days which will take place on September 21 & 22, 2024, the Mémoires d’ellesassociation, which works to make the beguines of Provence known and recognized, will host a stand during the Abbey market at the Thoronet Abbey (Var). A great opportunity to discover Douceline, first Beguine of Provence and all the activities of the association located in the heart of Sainte Baume: conferences, meditative walks, anointing treatments and olfactory workshops. More information:
https://association-memoires-delles.webnode.fr/stages-conferences-et-salons-2024/
Beguines in the literature (August 2024)
Milena Garavaglia introduced me to the historical novel Io, Partenope by Sebastiano Vassalli, Ed. Rizzoli, 2015. “The book, Milena writes, describes the life of Sister Giulia, beguine – Franciscan tertiary, street nun in the Neapolitan area of 17th century who had founded a prayer community to which many people would join, lay people and religious. Sister Giulia (known as Partenope) will be tried by the Court of the Inquisition and will save herself from the stake by recanting“. A huge thank you to Milena for this useful mention. even more so in this holiday season, a time that is conducive to reading.
So I take this opportunity to add some other literature titles that have beguines among their characters or in their title:Les très belles heures de mademoiselle Symphorose, béguine by Felix Timmermans, first translated into French in 1923, now available at Erik Tonen Book 2002, which tells the story of a beguine who falls in love with a man. The novel by Jean-Claude Bologne, Le dit des Béguines (Denoël, 1993) as well as the collection of short stories by Georges Rodenbach,Musée des béguines, 1894, republished in 2024 by Séguier. Le rempart des béguines by Françoise Mallet-Joris (Julliard, 1951): the reference of the beguines is only due to the name of the street where the story takes place.
A special mention goes to the amazing and already often mentioned historical novel La nuit des béguines by Aline Kiner, also available in Italian. Susan Emanuel communicated to me the excellent news that it is also available in English. Susan was the translator and collaborated with the scholar historian Tanya Stabler Miller, author of The Beguines of Medieval Paris. Gender, Patronage, and Spiritual Authoritya. Tania had written an introduction unfortunately not included in the final publication, but available here : Introduction by Tanya Stabler. It was the publisher’s decision to present it with the title of Marguerite Porete’s book The mirror of simple souls, which is truly disconcerting. You can find it on this link https://pushkinpress.com/?s=The+Mirror+of+Simple+Souls. Susan’s excellent translation will certainly offer an English-speaking audience the magic of what happened in Paris in the great Beguinage and in its surroundings at the time of Marguerite Porete’s condemnation (+1310)
Encounter Melissa Febos (July 2024)
In July 2022 I had a special surprise. The already well-known American writer and professor at the University of Iowa, Melissa Febos asked me for information about the Beguines and in particular about their commitment to celibacy and chastity. Melissa was investigating the forms of chastity chosen by women in history and had thus also met the Beguines. To deepen her study about them, she was planning to travel to northern Europe to get to know them more closely. Initially she was gathering information. And so we decided to have an online meeting which you can see on this address https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dI94uYv-5KU The title of the video is Celibacy and Chastity in the Beguines’ style of life.
I later received a long article, being the result of her journey and her reflections. Melissa and AFAR travel magazine kindly shared it with us for publishing in the Beguines Newsletter. You can find it by clicking on this link:https://www.afar.com/magazine/at-beguinages-in-belgium-finding-history-feminism-and-freedom. This article, as well as taking us to the beguinages she visited, linked the author’s life choices with the values that she recognizes in the Beguines: independence, creativity, service and love. In the text she sincerely described some periods of her love life, of which chastity was also one. She was searching for life and never stopped wanting to build a deep love.
The Beguines Synod in Bologna (June 2024)
SORRY, THE SYNOD HAS BEEN CANCELLED
Strong inspiration naturally sparks an initiative. This is what happened with the First Synod of the Beguines.After having officially expressed her choice of Beguine, cultivated over several years, Simonetta Pirazzini felt that her commitment should lead to a better knowledge and a more intense coordination among women who find in Beguines a source of inspiration and sometimes even an identification for their life choices. With the help of some friends, Simonetta created the Committee LA VIA DELLE BEGHINE (The Beguines’ path) and launched the initiative of the Synod of the Beguines. This European-wide Synod will be held in Bologna from Friday 6th to Sunday 8thSeptember. Different participation options are indicated on the registration form.z
The word synod means walking together and for this reason we need to get to know each other, compare our practices and find convergences for the growth of the modern Beguinal movement. On Saturday morning, thanks to the interventions of Adriana Valerio, Brita Lieb and Francesca Barresi, the historical and modern beguines will be presented and, among the latter, one in particular: Romana Guarnieri who identified Marguerite Porete as the author of the Mirror. Then in the afternoon there will be sharing workshops on important issues relating to the growth of the Beguinal movement. You are all warmly invited to participate in this first multilingual Synod, for which you can find the programme and practical instructions on the registration form at the following link https://forms.gle/de9Ak3XfarrSHMpP7 . Registration can be made by clicking on “Envoyer”, preferably by June 30th. Registration will be confirmed after the payment of €20.00 to the bank account IBAN IT20Y0707202409000000744211 registered in the name of La Via delle Beghine at Emilbanca For contacts and information please write to: sostareallapresenza@gmail.com
Let’s walk the Path of the Beguines together.
A new Beghard in Belgium (May 2024)
A sign of the times or just a news item? In any case, Louis C.’s decision to make his profession as a Bogart (which he prefers to Beghard) on 28th May before an ecclesiastical authority will not be the only first we will witness in the future. The beguinal world indeed offers the possibility of a sustained secular spiritual and religious commitment under the banner of a freedom of personal research that is equally marked.
Today Louis is 36 years old and lives in Brussels. He was born in Africa and he is the fifth of six children in a very unusual family due to the three different Christian denominations present in his family: Catholic, Evangelical and Anglican (mother, father, paternal grandfather). He was therefore immersed in ecumenism from his earliest childhood. Every Sunday, the three cults were honoured by participation in the religious services of the three different Churches. No surprise then that the vocational question was at the heart of his story. The surprise comes from his final choice, which matured after many spiritual exercises, visits to various monasteries and spiritual accompaniment, particularly within the Dominican family, traditionally close to the Beguinal world. Finally, his job in the food sector, oriented towards fermentation, also contributed to this, which brought him to the heart of beer brewing of which he became a creative artisan. Currently he is developing a new beer. This is his livelihood but also his symbolic link to the monastic production of the great brewing tradition in northern Europe and Belgium in particular.
“Black Gaul”, is how he likes to define himself. He could not live anywhere other than in Belgium. And since a priest friend said to him one day “you would have made a magnificent Begard”, this exclamation found its way: Louis will make his profession by adopting his own “Charter” of commitment. Another commitment that he has clearly made his own is the call of Pope Francis to “go to the peripheries” to meet those who are struggling for their survival, those whose beguinal world has continued to care throughout its eight centuries of existence.
All our best wishes to you, dear Louis, for this commitment which will certainly “ferment” your life, but also ours and that of the people you will meet. To send him a message: Louis C. <l.c.l@mail.ch>
The Charter of Bogard Louis
The Bogard’s vocation consists of living in the heart of the world through prayer and sanctified work with the gospel as the only rule of life in the service of an individual religious life. The absence of a common home implies nearby homes, around a parish where each Bogard commits to it according to their availability in a spirit of solidarity. The Bogard professes the promise to love God with all his being and to surrender himself totally to Him. He promises probity and submission to God.
Beguines’ Remembrance Day (April 2024)
Various people would like April 14th to be established as Remembrance Day of the Beguines. Among these promoters there is Debby Van Linden(https://begijnhovenqueeste.wordpress.com) who opened a Facebook page in Dutch and English in 2015 that you can visit and follow by clicking https://www.facebook.com/profile.php? Id=100064861351590
For contact: begijnhovenqueeste@gmail.com
14th April 2013 iwas in fact the date of the death of the last historical beguine in the world, Marcella Patijn, of whom Dominique Costermans drew the following portrait published in the magazine L’appel in June 2022: https://beguines.info/wp -content/uploads/2017/08/Appel-2022.pdf
“The simple life of Marcella Pattyn would not have attracted the attention of encyclopedia editors if she had not been the last beguine in the world. Born in the Belgian Congo in 1920, her very poor sight thwarted her vocation as a missionary nun. It was following a donation from one of her aunts to the beguinage of Ghent that she was able to join the beguinage of Saint-Amand in 1941. Twenty years later, she left it for the beguinage of Courtrai where she lived a life of service and prayer, devoting herself to knitting, weaving, playing the organ, the piano and the accordion. At eighty-seven years old, she went to a retirement home, still in Kortrijk. She died there in 2013, at the age of ninety-two. “From now on,” wrote the famous English magazine The Economist, “in this hidden treasure in the heart of the Flemish towns that are the beguinages, the veiled women who we see going to mass, or attaching hollyhocks to their dark clothes and their white wimples, are nothing more than ghosts. » ■
Lest we forget
A very active spring (March 2024)
There are many activities that await us next spring. Certainly, the season also contributed to the awakening of our energies. Here is the information I received.
The Giardino delle beghine of Mantua offers us various moments of sharing around the beautiful theme “praying as a woman” with the aim of giving “a feminine accent to one’s thinking, believing, praying“. In the poster available above we will find all the information for the events on March 16th and May 25th which will take place in MantuaThe recordings of the first meetings are available on the Giardino delle beghine ‘s YouTube channel.
www.nelgiardinodellebeghine.it
From Italy to Germany: the Dachverband-der-beginen proposes its annual Beginen reise, from 29th April to 2nd May, visiting Holland and Belgium. The following beguinages will be visited: Breda, Hoogstraten, Leuven, Aareschot, Brugge and Turnhout. The visits will be accompanied by expert people. For information, contacts and registrations, please contact brigitte.lambsheim@web.de
https://www.dachverband-der-beginen.de/beginenprojekte
ATTENTION: registrations close on March 15th
Let’s now move on to France. The Beguinage of Saint Martin du Lac is offering a seminar led by Rita Fenendael on 6th and 7th April entitled “The Beguines. Yesterday and today”. In the Séminaire St Martin du Lac folder https://beguines.info/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/Saiint-Martin-du-Lac-Seminaire-Printemps-2024.pdf you will find a lot of useful information: the presentation of Beguine Rita, the programme, the itinerary and costs and more. Here too, registrations must arrive before March 28th, by sending the registration form to the following address: Beguinage St.Martin du Lac <beguinage.71110@gmail.com>
Best wishes to all these amazing initiatives.
And best wishes to everyone for our feast on March 8th… Ever onward!
Sylvain Piron & Christina (February 2023)
It is a pity that the book of Sylvain Piron/ Thomas de Cantimpré, with the collaboration of Armelle Le Huërou Christine l’Admirable. Vie, chants et merveilles (Cristina the Astonishing. Life, chants and wonders) (éd. Vues de l’esprit, Brussels, 2021) is translated only in Italian. The Italian edition is available onhttps://ed.bibliotecafrancescana.it/prodotto/vita-di-cristina-lammirabile/?v=78533df0a516 This text is in fact a precious cross-section of the life of this impressive beguine who, between fascination and terror, subjugated the people who met her during her life (approx..1160-1224) to the point of receiving the appellation of Astonishing. For a brief biography of her click on https://beguines.info/?page_id=2132&lang=en There are 17 complete manuscripts in Latin of the Vita Beate Cristine, i.e. the text written by the Dominican Thomas de Cantimpré. Comparing these, the medievalist Sylvain Piron, Director of studies at the École des hautes études en sciences sociales (Paris), tries, as a scholar which he is, to find a line of demarcation between the real experience of the Blessed and the imaginative constructions that decorate every prodigious phenomenon. And there is so much that is prodigious in Cristina’s life: starting with her first return from the dead, to her flying on tree branches, putting herself in burning ovens or staying for days in the frozen water of the river. Sylvain qualifies her as a “professional of the afterlife” and claims the right to promote what he qualifies as a “social science of the practices of the invisible“. Indeed, by what right should the invisible be qualified as unreal? We cannot fail to be in complete harmony with this line of research and we hope that it will lead to many accomplishments.
For people who cannot acquire the book (in French or in Italian) I have prepared a text in English in which I have collected what seemed to me to be the most interesting ideas from Sylvain Piron’s book. You will find this text Christine the Astonishing by Silvain & Silvana by clicking on https://beguines.info/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/Christina-the-Astonishing-by-SylvainSilvana.pdf
It’s time for greetings and gifts (January 2024)
This message reaches you in the first days of 2024 because I wanted to wish every person who reads my newsletter to welcome this new year with the renewed confidence and hope that Christmas brings us: evil will not have the last word. Time for wishes, but also for gifts. In my childhood experience, the gifts were brought by the Befana, a good witch, who, flying on her broom in every part of the world, used to leave a gift and some delicacies in the stocking hanging on the fireplace Now I too would like to give you some beguinal gifts, one for each language, hoping that they will be appreciated. I apologize to the German Beguines for whom I couldn’t find a gift in their language but I hope they will be able to enjoy the English one.
In Italian you will find a brief 26-minute speech of mine on the Identity of the Historical Beguines. It was created via zoom on the occasion of the first meeting held on 10th June 2023 in Mantua in Il giardino delle beghine on the theme “being a Beguine today”. It answered the question: what aspects defined the identity of the historical beguines.
https://youtu.be/yB95Y5ceq1E
In French you can listen to the very recent 30-minute podcast Béguinages, Solidarités, Pèlerinages, from the programme broadcast on December 17th 2023 on channel 1 of the Swiss radio and television. The journalist Matthieu Wirz met the beguines of the beguinage of St Martin du Lac, in southern Burgundy, and created an inspiring reportage starting with their daily life. In closing there is a short comment of mine.
https://www.rts.ch/audio-podcast/2023/audio/beguinage-solidarite-pelerinage-27460004.html?id=27460001
In English, thanks to Graham who sent it to me, we can listen to the podcast of about an hour that the BBC (radio Four) dedicated to Julian of Norwich, interviewing several people who are scholars of this recluse. Personally, I consider her to be part of the beguinal movement due to er Christocentric mysticism with her maternal and family imprint, marked by an optimism that the century of misfortune in which she lived certainly did not encourage. https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/m001rgs4
I would also like to point out that in Parma, on the initiative of the Teatro Europa, as part of their Western Women’s initiative. Warrior Lovers – looks at female mysticism. Julian of Norwich (3rd-4th February) Mechthild von Magdeburg (9-11th February) and Hildegard von Bingen (23rd-24th February) For information: https://www.europateatri.it/stagione-serale-2/, or europateatri.pr@gmail.com or 00 39 0521243377
the French Revolution which demolished the church and the buildings. There are the enclosure and five small houses with the possibility of a guided tour organized by Valenciennes Tourism: https://www.tourismevalenciennes.fr/groupes/votre-devis-en-ligne-0/le-quartier-du-beguinage
Reading the Newsletters of the year 2023
Reading the Newsletters of the year 2022
Reading the Newsletter of the year 2021
Reading the Newsletters of the year 2020
Reading the Newsletters of the year 2019
Reading the Newsletters of the year 2018
Reading the Newsletters of the year 2017